Forex Today

While some countries have still not accepted the currency as
their own (such as Britain, who still uses the sterling pound),
the process of currency conversion has been simplified
without the large number of various currencies that were
previously dealt with. Instead of dozens of currencies, the
main countries trade in five – U.S. dollars, Australian dollars,
British pounds sterling, the Euro, and the Japanese Yen.
Today, the Foreign Exchange Market is international and
worldwide. The market is open 24 hours a day, 5 days a
week, to accommodate all of the time zones for all of the
major players. These now include most of Europe, the
United States, and Asian markets, especially Japan. Even
Australia has joined the international trading markets, and
since such nations are halfway around the world from some
of the other top players, time zones obviously must be taken
into consideration.
Another completely separate but perhaps more important
concern with trading in Forex is understanding how trade
works in multiple currencies. How can you compare the
value of a stock across international lines if the values are
expressed in two separate, non-equivalent currencies? And
how do you measure gains and losses when conversion rate
is constantly changing?

The History Of Forex

When foreign trade began, it was not an international trade
market. It was borne out of the Bretton Woods agreement
in 1944, which set forth that foreign currencies would be
fixed against the dollar, which was valued at $35 per ounce
of gold. This precedent was first put into practice in 1967,
when a bank in Chicago refused to fund a loan to a professor
in sterling pound. Of course, his intention was to sell the
currency, which he felt was priced too high against the
dollar, then buy it back later when the value had declined,
turning a quick profit.

After 1971, when the dollar was no longer convertible to
gold and the domestic market was stronger, the Bretton
Woods agreement was abandoned, and the currency
conversion process became more variable. This allowed for
a stronger backing in the foreign markets, and the United
States and Europe began a strong trade relationship. In the
1980s, the market hours and usage was extended through
the use of computers and technology to include the Asian
time zones as well. At this time, foreign exchange equaled
about $70 billion a day. Today, about twenty years later,
the trade level has skyrocketed, with trade equaling close to
$1.5 trillion daily.
Originally, trading across international lines was more
difficult, with several different currencies involved across
Europe. Though the major players in the European market
were deeply involved in and veterans of international trade
by the time other markets joined in, there were more
currencies to keep track of – the franc, the pound, the lira,
and many more – than was reasonable. With the birth of
the European Union in 1992, the wheels were set in motion
to create a single currency that would be used across most
of Europe, and the Euro was finally established and put into
circulation in 1999.

Forex Functionality

While the functionality of Forex is the same as a domestic
stock exchange, the commodities and prices are more
volatile, and there are additional factors to take into
considerations besides the typical risks associated with a
domestic market. You will have to contend with not only the
value of your stocks and your currency, but also the foreign
currencies involved in any trades or exchanges on Forex, as
well as the inconsistencies of values of particular goods and
services across international borders. It is like driving a car
with a standard transmission as opposed to an automatic. On the domestic front, the work is mostly done for you, and
all you have to do is navigate, much like an automatic
transmission. However, shifting gears is quite similar to
having to constantly take part in the currency conversion. It
can be distracting, and it certainly complicates the act of
driving.
Because the financial situation of many countries is not as
secure as that of the United States, this can pose a
formidable problem in determining where to invest your
money and what to expect next in the international market.
Knowing what countries and currencies are involved in Forex
can assist you by allowing you to more closely monitor the
financial situation in the nations with which you will be
interacting.

An Introduction to FOREX

Forex is the nickname for the Foreign Exchange Market. In
the United States, there are several branches of the stock
market, each with their own name. For instance, some
stocks trade on the Dow Jones, others on Nasdaq. Of
course, all stock market transactions in the United States
take place on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). In
other countries the same is true. There may be one or more
distinct markets.
However, international trade takes place on the market
termed the Foreign Exchange Market, or Forex. Several
countries across the world in almost every time zone
participate in trade on Forex, with multiple currencies being
utilized and stocks and commodities from all participating
countries being offered for trade. Because there are so
many nations and time zones involved, Forex does not
function as a “business day” entity like most domestic stock
markets. It remains open for trade 24 hours a day, 5 days a
week.
Of course, these additional hours increase the risk factor
intensely for those of us who are human and obviously
cannot monitor our investments 24 hours a day. This means
that the value of your holdings could potentially plummet overnight, while you sleep, because other countries are still
trading while you are in a dream world. Again, it is like a
car – there are many moving pieces under the hood, and
just because you cannot see them does not mean they are
not functioning.
This is one reason for several safety options, like limit
orders, which we will discuss later. This is also why it is
strongly recommended that your first attempts to make
money on the stock market are not transactions that take
place within the Foreign Exchange Market but on a standard
nine-to-five domestic trading market. In our car analogy,
this would be comparable to having asked someone who has
never driven or even changed the oil in a car to rebuild the
engine.