The History Of Forex

When foreign trade began, it was not an international trade
market. It was borne out of the Bretton Woods agreement
in 1944, which set forth that foreign currencies would be
fixed against the dollar, which was valued at $35 per ounce
of gold. This precedent was first put into practice in 1967,
when a bank in Chicago refused to fund a loan to a professor
in sterling pound. Of course, his intention was to sell the
currency, which he felt was priced too high against the
dollar, then buy it back later when the value had declined,
turning a quick profit.

After 1971, when the dollar was no longer convertible to
gold and the domestic market was stronger, the Bretton
Woods agreement was abandoned, and the currency
conversion process became more variable. This allowed for
a stronger backing in the foreign markets, and the United
States and Europe began a strong trade relationship. In the
1980s, the market hours and usage was extended through
the use of computers and technology to include the Asian
time zones as well. At this time, foreign exchange equaled
about $70 billion a day. Today, about twenty years later,
the trade level has skyrocketed, with trade equaling close to
$1.5 trillion daily.
Originally, trading across international lines was more
difficult, with several different currencies involved across
Europe. Though the major players in the European market
were deeply involved in and veterans of international trade
by the time other markets joined in, there were more
currencies to keep track of – the franc, the pound, the lira,
and many more – than was reasonable. With the birth of
the European Union in 1992, the wheels were set in motion
to create a single currency that would be used across most
of Europe, and the Euro was finally established and put into
circulation in 1999.